Clinicopathological significance of matrix metalloproteinase 2 protein expression in patients with renal cell carcinoma: A case-control study and meta-analysis
Affiliations: [a] Department of Urinary Surgery, Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China | [b] Department of Urinary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
Correspondence:
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Corresponding author: Chao-Yang Zhu, Department of Urinary Surgery, Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Ximen Da Street No 115, Kaifeng 475000, Henan, China. Tel.: +86 378 23906692; E-mail:zhuzhaoyang2014@163.com
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Numerous previous studies explored
the influence of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) expressions on renal
cell carcinoma (RCC), yet inconsistent results were reported. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to derive a more precise estimation of
the associations between MMP-2 and RCC. METHODS: A total of 115 patients with RCC were selected; meanwhile, 45 patients
with traumatic rupture of renal cysts or renal calculi were recruited and
normal kidney tissues were collected as control group. The expression level
of MMP-2 protein was detected by using immunohistochemistry. A meta-analysis
was performed by using Comprehensive Meta-analysis 2.0 (CMA 2.0). RESULTS: The positive expression rate of MMP-2 protein in the RCC
tissues was evidently higher than that in the normal renal tissues (P <
0.001). The positive expression rate of MMP-2 protein in patients with tumor
size > 5 cm, with lymph node metastasis (LNM), with well-differentiated RCC,
and stage III-IV RCC was significantly higher, compared with the patients
with tumor size ≤ 5 cm, without LNM, with moderate/low-differentiated
RCC, and with stage I-II RCC, respectively (all P < 0.05). There was
statistical significance in the 5-year survival rate between the patients
with positive MMP-2 protein expression and those with negative MMP-2 protein
expression (P = 0.037). These results were further confirmed by the
meta-analysis. CONCLUSION: MMP-2 protein expression is
significantly associated with historical grade, TNM stage, tumor size and
LNM in RCC, suggesting that MMP-2 may serve as a biological marker for the
prognosis in RCC.
