International Journal of Developmental Science - Volume 13, issue 3-4

Authors: Scheithauer, Herbert

Article Type: Editorial

DOI: 10.3233/DEV-199002

Citation: International Journal of Developmental Science, vol. 13, no. 3-4, pp. 79-80, 2019

Article Type: Other

Citation: International Journal of Developmental Science, vol. 13, no. 3-4, pp. 81-81, 2019

Authors: Görzig, Anke | Bedrosova, Marie | Machackova, Hana

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: It was investigated whether different types of mental or developmental disorders (MDD) would be rated differently in terms of stereotypic perceptions and behavioral tendencies and whether these effects of stereotypes on behaviors would be mediated via emotional responses in line with the Stereotype Content Model (SCM). Furthermore, an experimental investigation sought to ascertain whether predictions about behavioral intentions of bystanders in a cyberbullying scenario towards a victim with MDD could be derived from the general behavioral tendencies as predicted by the SCM. Two-hundred-forty-eight undergraduate students (62% female) aged 18–35 (M  = 22.5) were randomly allocated to one of five conditions (anxiety, …depression, schizophrenia, Asperger’s, or control). Stereotypes, emotional, and behavioral responses, as well as bystander intentions were assessed. Results largely confirmed the general application of the SCM to MDD; however, this was not the case for bystander intentions in cyberbullying. Implications for the application of the SCM and methodological considerations are discussed. Show more

Keywords: Cyberbullying, bystanders, stereotypes, discrimination, mental health, experiment

DOI: 10.3233/DEV-190270

Citation: International Journal of Developmental Science, vol. 13, no. 3-4, pp. 83-95, 2019

Authors: Uysal, Burcu | Stemmler, Mark | Weiss, Maren

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Immigrant boys show higher rates of antisocial behaviour. However, results of previous studies showed some contradictory findings in terms of intercultural differences in antisocial behaviour. In our study, we used an intercultural comparison of antisocial behaviour based on two different definitions of migration status (nationality vs. migration background). According to migration background, however not according to nationality, significant but small differences were found only in violent delinquency. A longitudinal mediator model based on the disintegration approach (Anhut & Heitmeyer, 2000 ) was examined in order to contribute to our understanding of the background of violent delinquency in immigrant boys. The …data were from a German panel study conducted in the cities of Dortmund and Nuremberg. The results of the mediator model showed that perceived discrimination and negative parenting affect violent delinquency indirectly through violence attitudes, self-control, and peer delinquency. The findings suggest that preventive measures against violent delinquency should focus on these indirect effects and migrant-specific variables. Show more

Keywords: Antisocial behaviour, violence, immigrant adolescents, social disintegration approach, longitudinal mediator analysis

DOI: 10.3233/DEV-190272

Citation: International Journal of Developmental Science, vol. 13, no. 3-4, pp. 97-108, 2019

Authors: Fiedler, Nora | Sommer, Friederike | Leuschner, Vincenz | Scheithauer, Herbert

Article Type: Review Article

Abstract: The standardized, indicated school-based prevention program “Networks Against School Shootings” (NETWASS) combines a threat assessment approach with a general model of prevention of emergency situations in schools through early intervention in student psychosocial crises and training teachers to recognize warning signs of targeted school violence. The present review summarized the underlying program theory, gives examples from German cases of severe targeted violence, gives an overview of the program components, and a summary of the evaluation study and its results. Finally, the NETWASS crisis prevention approach is reflected with regard to its feasibility for the prevention of violent extremism.

Keywords: Threat assessment, school shootings, NETWASS, crisis prevention, violent extremism

DOI: 10.3233/DEV-190283

Citation: International Journal of Developmental Science, vol. 13, no. 3-4, pp. 109-122, 2019

Authors: Farrell, Carmen Brown | Gilpin, Ansley Tullos | Nancarrow, Alexandra F. | Brown, Melissa M.

Article Type: Research Article

Abstract: Self-regulation and social cognition flourish as children begin school and engage with a new social environment. At the same time, this novel setting provides more complex social situations that children must navigate, including understanding when others may be lying to them. Social cognition and self regulatory abilities, such as Theory of Mind (ToM) and executive function (EF) respectively, may aid children in understanding such advanced social situations by helping children consider others’ viewpoints and focus on problem solving (Garte, 2016 ; Kultti & Pramling, 2015 ; Winsler, Fernyhough, & Montero, 2009 ). In order to investigate these possible relations, children …between the ages of 3 and 5 (N  = 92, M  = 51.42 months, SD  = 8.86, range = 37 to 69 months; 49 males; 38 3-year-olds, 31 4-year-olds, 23 5-year-olds) completed a battery of EF skills, ToM, and implausible lie detection measures. Results indicated that EF skills significantly predicted implausible lie detection, over and above both age and ToM. Findings are discussed in terms of the unique contribution that self-regulation skills, such as EF, make to young children’s blossoming implausible lie detection ability. Show more

Keywords: Executive function (EF) skills, theory of mind (ToM), implausible lie detection, self-regulation, preschool

DOI: 10.3233/DEV-190269

Citation: International Journal of Developmental Science, vol. 13, no. 3-4, pp. 123-132, 2019

Article Type: Other

DOI: 10.3233/DEV-199001

Citation: International Journal of Developmental Science, vol. 13, no. 3-4, pp. 133-133, 2019