Objective and subjective evaluation of the use of protective clothing on the thermal strain and mental workload of nurses during the Covid-19 pandemic

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Asadollahi, Fatemeh^a | Kouhnavard, Bahram^b | Daneshmandi, Hadi^c | Dehghan, Habibollah^d | Fararouei, Mohammad^e | Zamanian, Zahra^{f; *}

Affiliations: [a] Student research committee, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran | [b] Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran | [c] Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran | [d] Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran | [e] Department of Epidemiology, HIV/AIDS Research Center, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran | [f] Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

Correspondence: [*] Address for correspondence: Zahra Zamanian, Professor, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Tel.: +98 71 37251001-5 (294); Fax: +98 71 37260225; E-mail: Zamanianz@sums.ac.ir.

Abstract: BACKGROUND:Nurses are among high-risk occupational groups during the outbreak of epidemics. Therefore, these people are required to use personal protective equipment (PPE). Previous studies have shown that the use of personal protective equipment can affect people’s thermal strain and mental workload. OBJECTIVE:The present study was conducted with the aim of objectively and subjectively evaluating the use of protective clothing on the thermal strain and mental workload of nurses during the covid-19 pandemic. METHODS:This cross-sectional study was divided into two groups with a sample size of 300 people who were selected by systematic random method. In the first group, 120 people were objectively evaluated (use of protective clothing). In the second group, 180 people only completed the questionnaire of mental workload, feeling of heat and sweating and other information related to the type of clothing and the duration of its use, etc. Measurements were done in August and September of 2021 and in the morning shift of hospitals. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 software and chi-square, independent T-test and linear regression tests. RESULTS:The average age and average working hours per month of the participants in the study were 33.51±7.88 years, 187.91±35.37 hours, respectively. The results showed that the predicted average vote (PMV) index and the predicted percentage of dissatisfied (PPD), moisture felt on the skin surface, the feeling of desirability and pleasantness of the temperature, the weight of sweat and the humidity inside the clothes between the two groups of people using insulated clothes There is a significant difference between medicine and dressing (P < 0.05). There was a significant relationship between mental workload and type of clothing, average working hours per month. CONCLUSIONS:The use of medical isolation clothes causes a high heat load on nurses and can increase their mental workload. On the other hand, people using normal gowns suffer from a high mental workload due to the fear of disease due to the uncertainty of high-level protection. In addition, medical isolation clothes increase the humidity of the skin due to their impermeability, which causes skin complications.

Keywords: Nurses, medical isolation clothes, mental workload, heat strain, heat stress, physiological strain

DOI: 10.3233/WOR-230396

Journal: Work, vol. 79, no. 3, pp. 1501-1516, 2024