Impact of atypical working hours on sleep and mood among healthcare workers

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Ben Said, Hanene^{a; b; *} | Hajjem, Lamia^c | Youssef, Imen^{a; b} | Brahim, Dorra^{a; b} | Mersni, Mariem^{a; b} | Youssfi, Imen^a | Bahri, Ghada^{a; b} | Mechergui, Najla^{a; b} | Ladhari, Nizar^{a; b}

Affiliations: [a] Department of Occupational Medicine, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia | [b] Faculty of Medicine, University of Tunis el Manar, Tunis, Tunisia | [c] Regional Hospital of Ben Guerdane, Medenine, Tunisia

Correspondence: [*] Correspondence to: Hanene Ben Said, E-mail: hanene.bensaid@fmt.utm.tn.

Abstract: BACKGROUND:Atypical working hours have raised serious concerns about health effects, such as sleep disorders and psychological repercussions. These schedules are frequent among health professionals having the obligation to ensure the permanence of health services. OBJECTIVE:To assess the impact of atypical working hours on sleep, sleepiness, and mood among health personnel (HP). METHODS:Comparative descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among HP of a regional hospital in Southern Tunisia from December 2019 to May 2020. Two groups were defined according to their work schedule: group A had a fixed-day work and group B had atypical working hours. The assessment of sleep, sleepiness, and mood was based respectively on the Spiegel questionnaire, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and the Hospital Anxiety and Disorder scale. RESULTS:A total of 101 HP in group A and 135 in group B were included. We found signs of pathological sleep in group B: greater delay in falling asleep (78.1% Vs 53.5%; p = 0.002), altered sleep quality (88.1% Vs 56.4%; p = 0.039), and more frequent occurrence of dreams (37% Vs 31.7%; p = 0.033). The quality of sleep was associated with the professional seniority (p = 0.01), the workplace (p = 0.02), and having dependent children (p = 0.04). The mean score of depression was higher in group B (p = 0.02). Depression was associated with the workplace (p = 0.04) and the quality of sleep (p = 0.01). CONCLUSION:The results of this study indicate that atypical working hours generate both sleep and mood disorders in HP. It is vital to encourage the occupational physicians to estimate sleep and mood disorders in HP.

Keywords: Work schedule, sleep disorders, sleepiness, mood disorders, health personnel

DOI: 10.3233/WOR-220616

Journal: Work, vol. 76, no. 3, pp. 1193-1201, 2023