Affiliations: [a] Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| [b] Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, USA
Correspondence:
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Address for correspondence: Dr. Kaitlin M. Gallagher, Assistant Professor, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72703, USA. Tel.: +1 479 575 5173; E-mail: kmg014@uark.edu.
Abstract: BACKGROUND:Along with quantitative measures, pain symptoms may help inform early interventions to prevent prolonged standing induced low back pain (LBP); however, the relationship between quantitative and qualitative measures has not been assessed. OBJECTIVE:Determine the relationship between qualitative and quantitative measures of pain development during prolonged standing induced LBP development. METHODS:Thirty-five participants performed two-hours of standing. A visual analog scale (VAS) and the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire were used to assess the participant’s LBP every 7.5-minutes. Participants were classified as a pain developer (PD) based on VAS scores or three consecutive pain symptom reports. RESULTS:Pain symptom reports occurred 31.3 (±24.8) minutes earlier than the VAS reports. Eight participants (44%) were non-PDs with the VAS and PDs with the symptom method (p = 0.0047). CONCLUSIONS:A subset of participants who were not categorized as LBP developers during prolonged standing using the VAS method still report LBP symptoms. The inclusion of pain symptom reporting could provide additional information for practitioners when identifying individuals who would benefit from early interventions for standing induced LBP.
Keywords: Musculoskeletal pain, lumbosacral region, ergonomics, visual analog scale. McGill Pain Questionnaire, pain symptoms, low back pain, prolonged standing
