Affiliations: [a] Consultant Private Practice, Maharashtra, India | [b] Department of Prosthodontics, Shri. Yashwantrao Chavan Memorial Medical & Rural Development Foundation’s Dental College & Hospital, Ahmednagar, India | [c] Dental Technology Department, COAMS, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia | [d] Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia | [e] Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Stomatology, Yerevan State Medical University after Mkhitar Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia
Correspondence:
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Corresponding author: Ravinder S. Saini, Dental Technology Department, COAMS, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. E-mail: rsaini@kku.edu.sa.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The issue of an increase in pulpal temperature affects direct and indirect techniques, where the fabricating material will come in direct contact with the prepared teeth. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the pulpal thermal variations during provisional fabrication using direct and indirect-direct techniques, with three commonly commercially available provisional fabricating materials. METHOD: In this vitro analytical study, 120 extracted human teeth were placed in a dentulous mould and dental stone was poured, to create a working model with an embedded natural right maxillary central incisor. Recording of thermal changes in the pulp chamber during provisionalization with direct (technique 1) and indirect-direct (technique 2) using three common types of provisional crown materials. 120 provisional crowns were fabricated using polymethyl methacrylate (DPI) (Group 1), Bis-acryl composite (Protemp 4) (Group 2) and Visible-light polymerizing (VLP) Urethane Dimethacrylate (Revotek LC) (Group 3) by two techniques and recording of peak temperature changes were done. Temperature rise in the pulp chamber was recorded using a thermocouple. RESULTS: The mean initial and final temperature of the pulp chamber recorded for Groups 1, 2 and 3 was 31.52, 32.56; 31.01, 32.34; 32.29, 34.47 for technique 1 and 29.13, 30.5; 29.29, 31.11; 30.31, 32.65 for technique 2. The mean change in temperature was higher in Group 3 compared to the other groups. CONCLUSION: The temperature rise detected according to this study was within the safer pulpal health limits with all the investigated materials and techniques. The resin material recommended for clinical use when the direct technique is employed for the fabrication of provisional crowns is bis-acryl composite resin (Protemp-4) as it caused minimal temperature rise in the pulpal chamber.
Keywords: Provisional crown, Temporization, fixed partial denture, temperature rise
