Affiliations: [a] Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China | [b] Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China | [c] Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China | [d] Minimally Invasive Interventional Division, Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
Correspondence:
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Corresponding author: Lu-Zeng Chen, Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100034, China. E-mail: chenluzeng@126.com.
Note: [1] These authors contributed equally to this study.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ARAS) is a common disease in the elderly population. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to develop a contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS)-based model for predicting post-angioplasty improvement in hypertension in patients with severe ARAS. METHODS: Thirty-five patients with severe ARAS (⩾ 70%) were included in this study, and 42 renal arteries received percutaneous transluminal renal arterial stenting. An optimal integral formula was developed from pre-interventional color-coded duplex sonography (CCDS) and CEUS parameters using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. A model for predicting short-term hypertension improvement was established using the integral formula and clinical risk factors. Bootstrapping was used for internal validation. RESULTS: Two integral formulas, LASSO.CCDS and LASSO.CEUS, were established. ROC curves of the two integral formulas showed that LASSO.CEUS was the better formula for predicting hypertension improvement (AUC 0.816, specificity 78.6%). Univariate and multivariate regression analyses showed that duration of hypertension (OR 0.841, P= 0.027), diabetes (OR = 0.019, P= 0.010), and LASSO.CEUS (OR 7.641, P= 0.052) were predictors of short-term hypertension improvement after interventional therapy. Using LASSO.CEUS combined with clinical risk factors, the following prediction model was established: logit (short-term improvement in hypertension) = 1.879–0.173 × hypertension duration – 3.961 × diabetes + 2.034 × LASSO.CEUS (AUC 0.939). CONCLUSIONS: The model established using CEUS parameters and clinical risk factors could predict hypertension improvement after interventional therapy, but further research and verification are needed.
