Affiliations: [a] Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada | [b] iDAPT Technology R & D Team, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Canada | [c] Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
Correspondence:
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Address for correspondence: Kaveh Momen, iDAPT Technology R & D Team, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, 180 Elm Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M4 Canada. Tel.: +1 416 849 4340, ext: 221; Fax: +1 647 438 7150; E-mail: kaveh.momen@utoronto.ca.
Abstract: It is estimated that 10% of the patients admitted to North American hospitals die of hospital acquired infections. Approximately half of these are thought to be a consequence of poor hand hygiene practices by the hospital staff. Electronic hand washing reminders that prompt caregivers to wash their hands before and after the patient/patient's environment contact may help to increase the hand hygiene compliance rate. However, the current systems fail to identify the nursing procedures happening around the patient to issue proper hand hygiene prompt. In this research we used the hardware of a low-cost wireless Sony game controller, which included a 3-axis accelerometer, to identify six nursing activities happening around a patient. We attached five sensors to eight nurses' left and right wrists, left and right upper arms, and the backs. Each nurse performed 10 trials of each nursing activity in sequence, followed by a combined nursing activities trial. We extracted mean, standard deviation, energy, and correlation among axes per sensor and compared the results of 1-Nearest Neighbour (1-NN), Decision Tree (J48), and Naïve Bayes classifiers. 1-NN classifier had the best performance and on average regardless of the sensor locations, we achieved 84% ± 2% accuracy.
Keywords: Infection control, hand hygiene, accelerometer, nursing activities Sony PlayStation, Sixaxis
