Improvement of grasping after motor imagery in C6-C7 tetraplegia: A kinematic and MEG pilot study

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Mateo, Sébastien^{a; b; c; *} | Di Rienzo, Franck^c | Reilly, Karen T.^a | Revol, Patrice^{a; b} | Delpuech, Claude^{d; e} | Daligault, Sébastien^d | Guillot, Aymeric^{c; f} | Jacquin-Courtois, Sophie^{a; b} | Luauté, Jacques^{a; b} | Rossetti, Yves^{a; b} | Collet, Christian^c | Rode, Gilles^{a; b}

Affiliations: [a] Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, ImpAct Team, F-69676 Lyon, France | [b] Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Henry Gabrielle, Plate-forme Mouvement et Handicap, F-69000 Lyon, France | [c] Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche et d’Innovation sur le Sport, Equipe d’Accueil 647, Performance Motrice, Mentale et du Matériel, 69621 Villeurbanne Cedex, France | [d] CERMEP – imagerie du vivant, Bron, France | [e] Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Dycog Team, F-69000 Lyon, France | [f] Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France

Correspondence: [*] Corresponding author: Sébastien Mateo, Hôpital Henry Gabrielle 69230 Saint Genis Laval F-69230 Saint Genis Laval, France. Tel.: +478 865 066; Sebastien.mateo@chu-lyon.fr

Abstract: Purpose: Grasp recovery after C6-C7-spinal cord injury (SCI) requires learning “tenodesis grasp” whereby active wrist extension elicits passive thumb-to-forefinger and finger-to-palm flexion. Evidence that motor imagery (MI) promotes upper limb function after tetraplegia is growing, but whether MI potentiates grasp recovery in C6-C7-SCI individuals who have successfully learned the “tenodesis grasp” remains unknown. Methods: Six chronic stable C6-C7-SCI inpatients and six healthy control participants were included. C6-C7-SCI participants imagined grasping movements and controls visualized geometric forms for 45 minutes, three times a week for five weeks. Three separate measures taken over a five week period before the intervention formed the baseline. Intervention effects were assessed immediately after the intervention and eight weeks later. Each testing session consisted of kinematic recordings during reach-to-grasp and magnetoencephalographic (MEG) recordings during wrist extension. Results: During baseline, kinematic wrist extension angle during “tenodesis grasp” and MEG contralateral sensorimotor cortex (cSMC) activity during wrist extension were stable. Moreover, SCI participants exhibited a greater number of voxels within cSMC than controls. After MI sessions, wrist extension angle increased during “tenodesis grasp” and the number of voxels within cSMC during wrist extension decreased and became similar to controls. Conclusion: These findings provide further support for the use of MI to reinforce a compensatory grasping movement (tenodesis) and induce brain plasticity.

Keywords: Motor imagery, C6-C7 tetraplegia, “tenodesis grasp”, rehabilitation, brain plasticity, kinematic, magnetoencephalography

DOI: 10.3233/RNN-140466

Journal: Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience, vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 543-555, 2015