Affiliations: [a] Central Institute for Labour Protection – National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland | [b] Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Aeronautics and Applied Mechanics, Warsaw, Poland | Liberty Mutual Research Institute for Safety, 71 Frankland Road, Hopkinton, MA, 01748, USA. Tel.: +1 508 497 0218; Fax: +1 508 435 0482; E-mail: Krystyna.Gielo-Perczak@libertymutual.com
Correspondence:
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Corresponding author: Danuta Roman-Liu, Central Institute for Labour Protection – National Research Institute, ul. Czerniakowska 16, 00-701, Warsaw, Poland. Tel.: +48 22 6233275; Fax: +48 22 6233282; E-mail: daliu@ciop.pl
Abstract: The aim of this study was to compare the influence of constant or intermittent load on muscle activation and fatigue. The analysis and assessment of muscular activation and fatigue was based on surface EMG measurements from eight muscles (seven muscles of the right upper limb and trapezius muscle). Two EMG signal parameters were analyzed for each of the experimental conditions distinguished by the value of the external force and the character of the load – constant or intermittent. The amplitude related to its maximum (AMP) and the slope of the regression line between time and median frequency (SMF) were the EMG parameters that were analyzed. The results showed that constant load caused higher muscular fatigue than intermittent load despite the lower value of the external force and lower muscle activation. Results suggest that additional external force might influence muscle activation and fatigue more than upper limb posture. The results of the study support the thesis that all biomechanical factors which influence upper limb load and fatigue (upper limb posture, external force and time sequences) should be considered when work stands and work processes are designed. They also indicate that constant load should be especially avoided.
Keywords: muscle load, surface electromyography, fatigue, static work
