Affiliations: [a] Brain Trauma Foundation, Campbell, CA, USA
| [b]
Rehabilitation Research Center, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, CA, USA
Correspondence:
[*]
Address for correspondence: Stephanie A. Kolakowsky-Hayner, PhD, CBIST, FACRM, Chief Operating Officer, Brain Trauma Foundation, 1 Broadway, 6th Fl., New York, NY 10004, USA; 1999 S. Bascom Ave, Suite 1040, Campbell, CA 95008, USA. Tel.: +1 408 369 9849; Ext: 303; Fax: +1 408 369 9865; E-mail: sakhayner@braintrauma.org; www.braintrauma.org.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The top three causes of fatal unintentional injuries are falls, motor vehicle crashes, and being struck against or struck by objects or persons. These etiologies also happen to be the leading causes of TBI, a serious public health problem, in the US. Reduced cognitive functioning, poor decision making, increased risk taking, disinhibition, diminished safety skills and substance use, place individuals with TBI at an increased risk for subsequent unintentional injuries. The caregiving, psychological, social and financial burden of initial injuries is enormous. Unintentional injuries post-TBI add to that burden significantly. Many unintentional injuries can be prevented with simple education and environment and lifestyle changes. Injury prevention requires collaboration among many. OBJECTIVE: This literature review will share information regarding potential triggers or causes of unintentional injuries after TBI to identify potential issues. The many impacts of these injuries will be reviewed. Best practices in prevention will be presented. CONCLUSION: Ultimately, education, discussion, and awareness across multiple stakeholders can aid in preventing unintentional injuries after TBI.
Keywords: Traumatic brain injury, unintentional injury prevention, repeat TBI, seizure, lack of balance and coordination, fatigue, alcohol and drug abuse
