Affiliations: Center for Alzheimer Disease and Related Disorders, Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
Correspondence:
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Address for correspondence: Ronald F. Zec, Ph.D., Center for Alzheimer Disease and Related Disorders, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 751 North Rutledge, P.O. Box 19643, Springfield, IL 62794 9643, USA. Tel.: +1 217 545 7197; E-mail: rzec@siumed.edu
Abstract: This paper discusses the various pharmacological and behavioral treatments for the cognitive, emotional, and behavioral symptoms of Alzheimer disease (AD). The medications that are currently FDA-approved for the treatment of the cognitive/functional deficits of AD will first be discussed. Next, neuropsychiatric behavioral disturbances, including hallucinations and delusions, agitation and aggression, activity disturbances, depression, and anxiety will be described along with treatment interventions. Sleep disturbance and its treatment in AD and the issue of fitness to drive a motor vehicle are also reviewed. Principles of behavioral management, tips for communication, and recommendations for caregivers are discussed. Lastly, risk and protective factors and their relevance to delaying the expression of dementia are also examined.
Keywords: Alzheimer disease, pharmacological and behavioral treatment, risk factors
