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Article type: Research Article
Authors: Inoue, Takafumi | Takehara, Kouji | Shimizu, Norio | Kitajima, Yoshinori | Shinohara, Kunio | Ito, Atsushi
Affiliations: Innovative Beauty Science Laboratory, Kanebo Cosmetics Inc., Kotobuki-cho, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan | Skincare Research Laboratory, Kanebo Cosmetics Inc., Kotobuki-cho, Odawara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan | Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, Japan | Advanced Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan | Department of Nuclear Engineering, School of Engineering, Tokai University, Kitakaname, Hiratsuka-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
Note: [] Corresponding author. Tel.: +81 463 58 1211; Fax: +81 463 5017; E-mail: aeito@keyaki.cc.u-tokai.ac.jp
Abstract: Human hair fibers are primarily composed of keratin protein, characterized by a very high content of cysteine, a sulfur-containing amino acid, which ordinarily forms cystine via a disulfide bond. It is known that some cystine residues are converted to cysteic acid during permanent waving or hair coloring, although details of their distribution and extent are still unclear. In this study, by using difference in XANES profiles of cystine and cysteic acid at the S-K absorption edge, the formation of cysteic acid was confirmed for homogenized samples of permed or bleached hair. Furthermore chemical mapping of cysteic acid was performed on hair-section samples with X-ray contact microscopy. The peripheral region, cuticle, in bleached hair showed the highest content of cysteic acid compared with the other parts, while permed hair showed relatively uniform distribution. This finding suggests that perming and bleaching damage hair by different mechanisms.
Keywords: Hair, oxidation, imaging, XANES, sulfur, amino acid
DOI: 10.3233/XST-2011-0295
Journal: Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 313-320, 2011
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