Enhance light penetration in tissue for high resolution optical imaging techniques by the use of biocompatible chemical agents

Issue title: Special Issue on Biophotonics: Sensing and treatment with ionizing and non-ionizing radiation

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Wang, Ruikang K. | Tuchin, Valery V.

Affiliations: Institute of Bioscience and Technology, Cranfield University, Silsoe, Bedfordshire MK45 4DT, UK | Department of Optics, Saratov State University, 155 Moskovskaya Str., 410026, Saratov, Russia

Note: [] Corresponding author. Tel.: +44 1525 863450; Fax: +44 1525 863533; E-mail: r.k.wang@cranfield.ac.uk

Abstract: The highly scattering nature of human tissue limits light penetration depth in the near infrared range, which prevents the deeper microstructures from imaging. In order to enhance the imaging depth for the current high resolution optical imaging techniques, the light scattering in tissue must be reduced. This paper demonstrates that the light scattering of tissue can be effectively reduced by the topical applications of the biocompatible chemical agents. In this study the propylene glycol and glucose solutions were chosen for the demonstrations through topical applications and intra-dermis injection, respectively. The experiments were performed in vitro and in vivo by the use of the optical coherence tomography system. The results clearly show that the OCT imaging depth and contrast are dramatically improved after the topical applications of propylene glycol solution. Such improvement was discussed on the basis of refractive index matching environment created by the chemical agents, which effectively reduces the light scattering of tissue. Rayleigh-Gans approximation of light scattering was also used to show theoretically how the increase of refractive index of background medium would have effect on the reduced scattering coefficient of tissue. The theoretical and experimental results were qualitatively consistent.

Journal: Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology, vol. 10, no. 3-4, pp. 167-176, 2002