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Issue title: Transition
Article type: Research Article
Authors: Altman, Stephanie | O'Connor, Sarah | Anapolsky, Ellyce | Sexton, Laura
Affiliations: Sargent Shriver National Center on Poverty Law, Chicago, IL, USA | Chicago Medical-Legal Partnership for Children, Legal Council of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA | Legal Council of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA | Sidley Austin LLP (PILI at Chicago Medical-Legal Partnership for Children)
Note: [] Corresponding author: Stephanie Altman, Sargent Shriver National Center on Poverty Law. 50 E. Washington Street, Suite 500 Chicago, IL 60602, USA. Tel.: +1 312 263 3830; E-mail: Stephaniealtman@povertylaw.org
Abstract: While all children face challenges as they become adults, children with chronic medical conditions or disabilities face unique barriers in their transition to adulthood. Children, especially those who are low income and have special needs, are eligible for a range of supports including income supports, health care coverage, vocational and educational supports. These supports are critical to sound health because they ensure access to necessary medical services, while also offsetting the social determinants that negatively affect health. Unfortunately, as children transition into adulthood, eligibility for these benefits can change abruptly or even end entirely. If medical providers have a better understanding of five transition key dates, they can positively impact their patients' health by ensuring continuous coverage through the transition to adulthood. The key dates are as follows: (1) transition services for students with an Individualized Education Program (IEP) must begin by age 16 (in some states such as Illinois, these services must be in place by age 14 1/2); (2) at age 18, eligibility for income supports may change; (3) at age 19, eligibility for Medicaid may change; (4) at graduation, eligibility for educational supports will end unless steps are taken to extend those benefits until age 22; and (5) when individuals prepare to enter the workforce, they will become eligible for vocational rehabilitation services. With an understanding of these key transition dates and how to partner with social services and advocacy organizations on behalf of their patients, medical providers can help to ensure that transition-age patients retain the holistic social services and supports they need to protect their health.
Keywords: Transition, children, youth, medical-legal partnership, Medicaid, disability, Social Security, public benefits, health insurance, Affordable Care Act, vocational rehabilitation
DOI: 10.3233/PRM-140270
Journal: Journal of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 71-77, 2014
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