Affiliations: Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA | Department of Neurology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA | Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
Note: [] Corresponding author: James L. Leach, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Department of Radiology, MLC 5031, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA. Tel.: +1 513 636 4251; Fax: +1 513 636 1388; E-mail: james.leach@cchmc.org.
Abstract: Acquired central nervous system demyelinating disease is increasingly recognized as a significant contributor to neurologic morbidity in the pediatric population. Recent consensus definitions of the spectrum of acquired demyelinating disorders as well as important discoveries in immunology and imaging have produced an improved understanding of these conditions. Neuroimaging plays a central role in the accurate diagnosis, follow-up, and research efforts in this patient population. A review of the imaging spectrum of acquired demyelinating disease in children is provided, based upon current consensus definitions, along with imaging recommendations, differential diagnostic considerations, and a brief summary of clinical presentations and treatment options.
