Prediction model for early diagnosis of late-onset sepsis in preterm newborns

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Seyhanlı, D.^{a; *} | Gökmen Yıldırım, T.^b | Kalkanlı, O.H.^b | Soysal, B.^b | Alkan Özdemir, S.^b | Devrim, İ.^c | Çalkavur, Ş.^b

Affiliations: [a] University of Health Sciences, Izmir Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Behçet Uz Pediatric Diseases and Surgery Training Research Hospital, Child Health and Diseases Clinic, Izmir, Türkiye | [b] University of Health Sciences, Izmir Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Behçet Uz Pediatric Diseases and Surgery Training Research Hospital, Newborn Intensive Care Unit, İzmir, Türkiye | [c] University of Health Sciences, Izmir Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Behçet Uz Pediatric Diseases and Surgery Training Research Hospital, Pediatric Infectious Diseases Clinic, İzmir, Türkiye

Correspondence: [*] Address for correspondence: Damla Seyhanlı, MD, University of Health Sciences, Izmir Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Behçet Uz Pediatric Diseases and Surgery Training Research Hospital, Child Health and Diseases Clinic, Izmir, Türkiye. Tel.: +90 (0232) 411 60 00; E-mail: damlasyhnl@gmail.com.

Abstract: AİM:Late-onset neonatal sepsis has a high mortality rate in premature infants. To date, no single test in the evaluation of neonatal sepsis has been demonstrated to be both sensitive and specific enough to assist in timely decision making. The aim of our study is to develop a predictive model that can be applied to all premature babies, using clinical and laboratory findings in premature babies, to recognize late-onset neonatal sepsis. STUDY DESİGN:65 premature patients diagnosed with culture-proven late-onset neonatal sepsis and hospitalized in Dr. Behcet Uz Pediatric Diseases and Surgery Training and Research Hospital neonatal intensive care unit between January 2018 and December 2020, and 65 premature newborns of similar age and gender who did not have sepsis were included in the study retrospectively. RESULTS:In our study, feeding difficulties, worsening in clinical appearance and fever were found to be significant among clinical findings, while thrombocytopenia and high C-reactive protein among laboratory findings are the strongest data supporting late-onset neonatal sepsis. In multiple regression analysis, thrombocytopenia, mean platelet volume, C-reactive protein, lymphocyte count and feeding difficulties had the highest odds ratio (p < 0.05). By converting these data into a scoring system, a nomogram was created that can be easily used by all clinicians. CONCLUSION:In our study, we developed a scoring system that can be easily applied to all premature patients by evaluating the clinical and laboratory findings in late-onset neonatal sepsis. We think that it will help in recognizing late-onset neonatal sepsis and strengthening the treatment decision. Predicting the individual probability of sepsis in preterm newborns may provide benefits for uninfected newborns to be exposed to less antibiotics, not to be separated from mother and baby, and to reduce healthcare system expenditures. The nomogram can be used to assess the likelihood of sepsis and guide treatment decision.

Keywords: C-reactive protein, late-onset neonatal sepsis, nomogram, premature

DOI: 10.3233/NPM-240011

Journal: Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, vol. 17, no. 5, pp. 661-671, 2024