Affiliations: Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics,
University of Texas Health Science Center, Children's Memorial Hermann
Hospital, Houston, TX, Texas
Note: [] Corresponding author: Monesha Gupta-Malhotra MBBS, FAAP, FACC,
FASE, Fetal Cardiology, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University of
Texas – Houston Medical School, Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, 6410
Fannin, UTPB Suite 425, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Tel.: +1 713 500 5743; Fax: +1
713 500 5751; E-mail: monesha.gupta@uth.tmc.edu
Abstract: Presence of systemic venous anomalies including a persistent left
superior vena cava to a dilated coronary and interrupted inferior vena cava
with azygous continuation are extremely rare in absence of heterotaxia or
cardiosplenic syndrome. For this reason, the diagnosis of extracardiac venous
anomalies can often be missed in absence of a heterotaxia as was the case in
our patient whose prior fetal echocardiogram and the first postnatal
echocardiogram read by other pediatric cardiologists failed to detect these
anomalies. We report these systemic venous anomalies in a fetus in the absence
of heterotaxia and further describe the echocardiographic findings helpful in
their detection in-utero.
Keywords: Fetus, echocardiogram, interrupted inferior vena cava, persistent left superior vena cava, azygous vein, congenital cardiac malformation, cardiosplenic syndrome, left atrial isomerism, heterotaxia, systemic venous anomalies
