Query reformulation system based on WordNet and word vectors clusters

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Jumde, Amol^{; *} | Keskar, Ravindra

Affiliations: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, India

Correspondence: [*] Corresponding author. Amol Jumde, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur-440010, India. amol.jumde@students.vnit.ac.in.

Abstract: With tremendous evolution in the internet world, the internet has become a household thing. Internet users use search engines or personal assistants to request information from the internet. Search results are greatly dependent on the entered keywords. Casual users may enter a vague query due to lack of knowledge of the domain-specific words. We propose a query reformulation system that determines the context of the query, decides on keywords to be replaced and outputs a better-modified query. We propose strategies for keyword replacements and metrics for query betterment checks. We have found that if we project keywords into the vector space of word projection using word embedding techniques and if the keyword replacement is correct, clusters of a new set of keywords become more cohesive. This assumption forms the basis of our proposed work. To prove the effectiveness of the proposed system, we applied it to the ad-hoc retrieval tasks over two benchmark corpora viz TREC-CDS 2014 and OHSUMED corpus. We indexed Whoosh search engine on these corpora and evaluated based on the given queries provided along with the corpus. Experimental results show that the proposed techniques achieved 9 to 11% improvement in precision and recall scores. Using Google’s popularity index, we also prove that the reformulated queries are not only more accurate but also more popular. The proposed system also applies to Conversational AI chatbots like ChatGPT, where users must rephrase their queries to obtain better results.

Keywords: Query reformulation, WordNet, word embedding, whoosh, TREC

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-236296

Journal: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 46, no. 4, pp. 9119-9137, 2024