A multi-granularity ensemble algorithm for medical image classification based on broad learning system

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Li, Keyuan^{a; b; c; d} | Zhang, Qinghua^{b; c; d; *} | Xie, Qin^{a; b; c; d} | Huang, Shuaishuai^{a; b; c; d}

Affiliations: [a] School of Computer Science and Technology, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China | [b] Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data Intelligent Computing, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China | [c] Chongqing Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China | [d] Chongqing Key Laboratory of Tourism Multisource Data Perception and Decision Ministry of Culture and Tourism, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China

Correspondence: [*] Corresponding author. Qinghua Zhang. E-mail: zhangqh@cqupt.edu.cn.

Abstract: Medical image classification is an essential task in the fields of computer-aided diagnosis and medical image analysis. In recent years, researchers have made extensive work on medical image classification by computer vision techniques. However, most of the current work is based on deep learning methods, which still suffer from expensive hardware resources, long time consuming and a lot of parameters to be optimized. In this paper, a multi-granularity ensemble algorithm for medical image classification based on broad learning system is proposed, which is an end-to-end lightweight model. On the one hand, the proposed method is designed to address the problem of weak image feature learning ability of broad learning system. The convolution module with fixed weights based on transfer learning is introduced as a feature extractor to extract fusion features of medical images. On the other hand, the multi-granularity ensemble framework is proposed, which learn the fusion features of medical images from fine-grained to coarse-grained respectively, and the prediction results at different granularity levels are integrated by ensemble learning. In this way, the bottom local features can be sufficiently considered, while the global features can also be taken into account. The experimental results show that on the MedMNIST dataset (containing 10 sub-datasets), the proposed method can shorten the training time by tens of times while having similar accuracy to deep convolutional neural networks. On the ChestXRay2017 dataset, the proposed method can achieve an accuracy of 92.5%, and the training time is also significantly better than other methods.

Keywords: Broad learning system(BLS), multi-granularity, ensemble learning, medical image classification

DOI: 10.3233/JIFS-235725

Journal: Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, vol. 46, no. 3, pp. 5853-5867, 2024