Affiliations: Faculty of Computing, College of Computing and Applied Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia
Correspondence:
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Corresponding author. Mohd Arfian Ismail, Faculty of Computing, College of Computing and Applied Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia. E-mail: arfian@ump.edu.my.
Abstract: Globally, the second most common cause of death for female cancer patients is breast cancer. In the United States, about 11,000 females aged below 40 are diagnosed with invasive breast cancer each year. Early detection of breast cancer is the foundation for preventing the progression of the disease, and the diagnosis can be conducted using intelligent systems for quicker detection. Based on the FUZZYDBD method and bootstrap aggregation (bagging) technique, the Bagging fuzzy-ID3 algorithm (BFID3) was proposed for this study. This method combined the techniques of the fuzzy system, ID3 algorithm and bagging. For BFID3’s data fuzzification, the automatic fuzzy database definition method, known as the FUZZYDBD method, would assist in developing the fuzzy database. One of the weaknesses of the ID3 algorithm is its incapability to handle continuous data. The problem was resolved via the linguistic variable replacement and data fuzzification in the BFID3. Meanwhile, this paper’s implementation of the bagging technique improved the generalization ability and reduced overfitting. Additionally, BFID3 was verified through an extensive comparison with several existing methods to investigate the competency of the proposed method. The study identified that BFID3 was proficient in breast cancer classification.
Keywords: Fuzzy system, ID3 algorithm, bagging, breast cancer
