Affiliations: [a] Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology Silchar, Assam, India
| [b] School of Engineering and Technology, BML Munjal University, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
Correspondence:
[*]
Corresponding author. Mohiul Islam, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute
of Technology Silchar, Silchar-788010, Assam, India. E-mail: mohiul292@gmail.com.
Abstract: In this paper, a robust image watermarking technique has been proposed in lifting wavelet transform (LWT) domain. Neural network is incorporated in the watermark extraction process to achieve improved robustness against different attacks. The integration of neural network with LWT makes the system robust to various attacks maintaining an adequate level of imperceptibility. The 3-level LWT coefficients are randomized and arranged in 2×2 non-overlapping blocks. Each block is modified according to a binary watermark bit. Randomization of coefficients and blocks has been done to enhance the security of the system. The binary watermark bit is also encrypted using another key. The scheme provides an average imperceptibility of 43.88 dB for a watermark capacity of 512 bits. The robustness has been observed against all the intentional and non-intentional attacks. The technique provides satisfactory robustness against different attacks such as noising attacks, de-noising attacks, lossy compression attacks, image processing attacks and some geometric attacks. The algorithm has been tested on a large image database containing different class of images.
Keywords: Lifting wavelet transform (LWT), image watermarking, artificial neural network
(ANN), peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), normalized cross-correlation (NC)
