Searching for just a few words should be enough to get started. If you need to make more complex queries, use the tips below to guide you.
Article type: Research Article
Authors: Anda, Amal Ahmed; * | Amyot, Daniel
Affiliations: School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
Correspondence: [*] Corresponding author. Email: aanda027@uottawa.ca
Abstract: Socio-cyber-physical systems (SCPSs) are cyber-physical systems with social concerns. Many emerging SCPSs, often qualified as “smart”, need such concerns to be addressed not only at design time but also at runtime, often by adapting dynamically to surrounding contexts, to keep providing optimal value to users. A comprehensive requirements and design modeling approach is needed to incorporate social concerns (e.g., using goal modeling) into SCPS development activities. This paper introduces an optimization method that provides design-time and runtime solutions for self-adaptive SCPSs while supporting the validation of their design models. The method helps satisfying the goals of the SCPS and its stakeholders by monitoring the system’s environment and qualities, while enforcing correctness constraints specified in a feature model. We integrate arithmetic functions generated automatically from goal and feature models to build a combined goal-feature model and synchronize the values of the features shared between i) the objective function represented by goal functions, and ii) the constraints represented by feature functions. The goal-feature model is solved by an optimization tool (IBM CPLEX) in order to calculate optimal adaptation solutions for common situations at design time. Runtime optimization is also used by the system for adapting to situations unanticipated during design. We use a Smart Home Management System case study to assess how well the method can be used to manage selection among alternatives according to monitored environmental conditions while solving emergent conflicts. Further experiments on the use of the method for runtime adaptation show good performance for realistic models and good scalability overall. Some remaining challenges and limitations exist, including the availability of quantitative models as inputs.
Keywords: Cyber-physical systems, feature models, goal modeling, optimization, self-adaptation
DOI: 10.3233/JID210022
Journal: Journal of Integrated Design and Process Science, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 141-177, 2021
IOS Press, Inc.
6751 Tepper Drive
Clifton, VA 20124
USA
Tel: +1 703 830 6300
Fax: +1 703 830 2300
sales@iospress.com
For editorial issues, like the status of your submitted paper or proposals, write to editorial@iospress.nl
IOS Press
Nieuwe Hemweg 6B
1013 BG Amsterdam
The Netherlands
Tel: +31 20 688 3355
Fax: +31 20 687 0091
info@iospress.nl
For editorial issues, permissions, book requests, submissions and proceedings, contact the Amsterdam office info@iospress.nl
Inspirees International (China Office)
Ciyunsi Beili 207(CapitaLand), Bld 1, 7-901
100025, Beijing
China
Free service line: 400 661 8717
Fax: +86 10 8446 7947
china@iospress.cn
For editorial issues, like the status of your submitted paper or proposals, write to editorial@iospress.nl
如果您在出版方面需要帮助或有任何建, 件至: editorial@iospress.nl