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Issue title: 18th IEEE Computer Security Foundations Symposium (CSF 18)
Guest editors: J.D. Guttman
Article type: Research Article
Authors: Clarkson, Michael R. | Myers, Andrew C. | Schneider, Fred B.
Affiliations: Department of Computer Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA. E-mails: clarkson@cs.cornell.edu, andru@cs.cornell.edu, fbs@cs.cornell.edu
Abstract: To reason about information flow, a new model is developed that describes how attacker beliefs change due to the attacker's observation of the execution of a probabilistic (or deterministic) program. The model enables compositional reasoning about information flow from attacks involving sequences of interactions. The model also supports a new metric for quantitative information flow that measures accuracy of an attacker's beliefs. Applying this new metric reveals inadequacies of traditional information flow metrics, which are based on reduction of uncertainty. However, the new metric is sufficiently general that it can be instantiated to measure either accuracy or uncertainty. The new metric can also be used to reason about misinformation; deterministic programs are shown to be incapable of producing misinformation. Additionally, programs in which nondeterministic choices are made by insiders, who collude with attackers, can be analyzed.
Keywords: Quantitative information flow, belief, accuracy, insider, security policies, probabilistic semantics
DOI: 10.3233/JCS-2009-0353
Journal: Journal of Computer Security, vol. 17, no. 5, pp. 655-701, 2009
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