Affiliations: [a] College of Mechanics and Transportation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, China | [b] School of Intelligent Manufacturing, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua, Sichuan, China | [c] School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua, Sichuan, China
Correspondence:
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Corresponding author: Jian Zhang, College of Mechanics and Transportation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan 650224, China. E-mail: zhangjianpzh@126.com.
Abstract: The particulate matter samples of gasoline direction injection (GDI) gasoline engine obtained from road experiments are photographed to obtain the emission particulate matter images based on the transmission electron microscope under high altitude environment. The results show that the micro-morphology characteristics of the particulate matter emitted by GDI gasoline engine in plateau area are similar to those in low altitude area, and the main morphology is cloud-like, filamentous, flocculent, chain-like, cluster-like, like altitude contour line, etc. The images are processed by MATLAB and Python software, and the fractal dimension, average gray value and gray histogram are obtained. The fractal dimensions of the emission particulate data obtained are between 1.81 and 1.89, which has some deviation compared with the fractal dimension of the emission particulate data at low altitude of 1.58 and 1.80. With the increase of altitude, its fractal dimension increases more obviously. It can be seem from the characteristics of gray value and gray histogram of particle images that the average gray value of GDI gasoline engine particles is higher. The gray histogram distribution of 5–50 nm images is uniform, and the individual particles in the images are clear. The gray histogram of 100–500 nm images is scattered, so it is easy to extract and separate the image edge contour. 5–50 nm images are used to study the details and characteristics of individual particles, and 100–500 nm transmission electron microscope images are used to study the overall morphology of particles.
