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Anti-melanogenic compounds in Rubus croceacanthus

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Kubota, Michiyoa; 1 | Hosoya, Takahiroa; 1 | Fukumoto, Syuichib | Miyagi, Tsuyoshic | Kumazawa, Shigenoria; *

Affiliations: [a] Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Japan | [b] Pokka Sapporo Food and Beverage Ltd., Ebisu, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, Japan | [c] Okinawa Prefectural Forest Resources Research Centre, Ohnaka, Nago, Okinawa, Japan

Correspondence: [*] Corresponding author: Shigenori Kumazawa, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan. Tel./Fax: +81 54 264 5523; E-mail: kumazawa@u-shizuoka-ken.ac.jp.

Note: [1] These authors contributed equally to this work.

Keywords: Rubus croceacanthus, Cyanidin-3-glucoside, Pelargonidin-3-glucoside, anti-melanogenesis, tyrosinase

DOI: 10.3233/JBR-140075

Journal: Journal of Berry Research, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 127-135, 2014

6 November 2013
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Accepted 20 December 2013
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Published: 16 August 2014
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Rubus croceacanthus is a wild berry grown in Okinawa, Japan, and is consumed fresh because of its sweetness. In addition, this fruit is processed into jam and jelly, and used in food such as doughnuts in Okinawa. In our anti-melanogenesis screening program, the methanol extract of R. croceacanthus showed the whitening activity on B16 mouse melanoma cells.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate anti-melanogenetic activity of the extract of R. croceacanthus and find the active components in it.

METHOD: The anti-melanogenetic activity was examined using B16 cells. To reveal the mechanism underlying the anti-melanogenic activity, the inhibition of tyrosinase which is the key enzyme in melanogenesis was measured. Furthermore, we analyzed the constituents of R. croceacanthus to investigate the active compounds.

RESULTS: The extract of R. croceacanthus had an anti-melanogenic effect in B16 cells. We found that this effect was caused by cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside due to inhibit tyrosinase activity, resulting in decreasing melanin content in B16 cells. We also identified two ellagitannins, lambertianin C and sanguiin H-6, which may contribute to the anti-melanogenic effect.

CONCLUSIONS: The fruit of R. croceacanthus has the anti-melanogenic activity and potential to be utilized as a skin-whitening agent.

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