Differences between chronic low back pain patients in Germany and Thailand in terms of nature of disease and socioeconomic and psychological factors

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Yotnuengnit, Pattarapol^{a; *} | Boonyapaisancharoen, Pongrin^a | Jamin, Nastasja^{b; c} | Schulte-Goecking, Heike^{b; c} | Azad, Shahnaz-Christina^{c; d} | Kraft, Eduard^{b; c} | Piravej, Krisna^a | Leukert, Johannes^{b; c}

Affiliations: [a] Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand | [b] Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Musculoskeletal University Center Munich (MUM), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany | [c] Interdisciplinary Pain Unit of the University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany | [d] Department of Anaesthesiology, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany

Correspondence: [*] Corresponding author: Pattarapol Yotnuengnit, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 1873 Rama 4 Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand. Tel.: +66 2 256 4433; Fax: +66 2 256 4000 Ext. 60582; E-mail: Yotnuengnitpmr@gmail.com.

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Worldwide, chronic low back pain (CLBP) is one of the most common causes of physical and psychological disabilities. The factors that affect low back pain (LBP) between Western and Eastern countries are different. OBJECTIVE: We assessed the factors associated with LBP and their impact in German and Thai CLBP participants. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 100 Thai and 100 German CLBP participants. Data were collected before the participants received treatment in the outpatient rehabilitation clinic. We used standardized questionnaires to assess the demographic and socioeconomic data, clinical features of the pain, the impact of pain during daily activities, and psychological consequences. RESULTS: We found a statistically significant difference between the two groups for minimal pain intensity (NRS German = 3.01, Thai = 1.83), and the participants’ acceptable pain intensity (NRS German = 1.97, Thai = 3.88). The German participants had a higher negative impact score in their daily living compared to the Thai participants (German = 23.5, Thai = 10). Also, the German participants suffered more often from depression (CES-D score; German = 17, Thai = 4). However, the average back pain intensity was the same for both groups. CONCLUSION: German CLBP participants had significantly more depressive symptoms and pain-related impairments compared to the Thai participants. On the other hand, there were no differences in maximum and average pain severities.

Keywords: Chronic low back pain, socioeconomic status, psychological effect, Thailand, Germany

DOI: 10.3233/BMR-210029

Journal: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 625-632, 2022