CERAD (Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease) Neuropsychology Assessment Battery: 35 Years and Counting

Article type: Review Article

Authors: Fillenbaum, Gerda G.^{a; *} | Mohs, Richard^b

Affiliations: [a] Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA | [b] Global Alzheimer’s Platform Foundation, Washington, DC, USA

Correspondence: [*] Correspondence to: Gerda G. Fillenbaum, PhD, Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Box 3003, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA. Tel.: +1 919 918 3479; E-mail: Gerda.Fillenbaum@duke.edu.

Abstract: Background:In 1986, the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease (CERAD) was mandated to develop a brief neuropsychological assessment battery (CERAD-NAB) for AD, for uniform neuropsychological assessment, and information aggregation. Initially used across the National Institutes of Aging-funded Alzheimer’s Disease Research Centers, it has become widely adopted wherever information is desired on cognitive status and change therein, particularly in older populations. Objective:Our purpose is to provide information on the multiple uses of the CERAD-NAB since its inception, and possible further developments. Methods:Since searching on “CERAD neuropsychological assessment battery” or similar terms missed important information, “CERAD” alone was entered into PubMed and SCOPUS, and CERAD-NAB use identified from the resulting studies. Use was sorted into major categories, e.g., psychometric information, norms, dementia/differential dementia diagnosis, epidemiology, intervention evaluation, genetics, etc., also translations, country of use, and alternative data gathering approaches. Results:CERAD-NAB is available in ∼20 languages. In addition to its initial purpose assessing AD severity, CERAD-NAB can identify mild cognitive impairment, facilitate differential dementia diagnosis, determine cognitive effects of naturally occurring and experimental interventions (e.g., air pollution, selenium in soil, exercise), has helped to clarify cognition/brain physiology-neuroanatomy, and assess cognitive status in dementia-risk conditions. Surveys of primary and tertiary care patients, and of population-based samples in multiple countries have provided information on prevalent and incident dementia, and cross-sectional and longitudinal norms for ages 35–100 years. Conclusion:CERAD-NAB has fulfilled its original mandate, while its uses have expanded, keeping up with advances in the area of dementia.

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, CERAD, CERAD Plus, Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease, epidemiological surveys, incidence, neuropsychological assessment, norms, prevalence

DOI: 10.3233/JAD-230026

Journal: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 93, no. 1, pp. 1-27, 2023