¹⁸F-AV45 PET and MRI Reveal the Influencing Factors of Alzheimer’s Disease Biomarkers in Subjective Cognitive Decline Population

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Zhao, Zixiao^a | Wang, Jie^b | Wang, Ying^c | Liu, Xia^a | He, Kun^b | Guo, Qihao^{c; *} | Xie, Fang^{b; *} | Huang, Qi^{b; *} | Li, Zijing^{a; *}

Affiliations: [a] Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China | [b] Department of Nuclear Medicine & PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China | [c] Department of Gerontology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China

Correspondence: [*] Correspondence to: Zijing Li, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China. Tel.: +86 15259282480; E-mail: zijing.li@xmu.edu.cn; and Qi Huang and Fang Xie, Department of Nuclear Medicine & PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200235, China. Tel.: +86 18311095576; E-mail: hq_1124@163.com (Qi Huang), / Tel.: +86 13818672745; E-mail: fangxie@fudan.edu.cn (Fang Xie) and Qihao Guo, Department of Gerontology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China. Tel.: +86 13817741448; E-mail: qhguo@sjtu.edu.cn.

Abstract: Background:Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is a self-perceived decline in cognitive ability, which exhibits no objective impairment but increased risk of conversion to mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Objective:To investigate how influencing factors (risk gene, age, sex, and education) affect amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition and gray matter (GM) atrophy in SCD population. Methods:281 SCD subjects were included in this study, who underwent clinical evaluation, cognitive ability assessment, apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotyping, 18F-Florbetapir positron emission computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging screening. Two-sample t tests and analysis of variance were performed based on voxel-wise outcome. Results:In 281 SCD subjects with an average age of 63.86, 194 subjects (69.04%) were females, and 56 subjects carried APOE ɛ4 genes. Statistical results revealed APOE ɛ4 gene, age, and sex influenced Aβ deposition in different brain regions; moreover, only the interaction exhibited between age and APOE ɛ4 genes. The GM atrophy of hippocampal, amygdala, precentral, and occipital lobes occurred in the group age over 60. The GM volume of the hippocampal, frontal, and occipital lobe in females was less than males. Education had an effect only on cognitive function. Conclusion:In SCD, APOE ɛ4 gene, age, and sex significantly influenced Aβ deposition and APOE ɛ4 gene can interact with age in impacting Aβ deposition. Both age and sex can affect GM atrophy. The results suggested that female SCD with APOE ɛ4 genes and aged more than 60 years old might exhibit advanced AD biomarkers.

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, amyloid-β, atrophy, deposition, gray matter, subjective cognitive decline

DOI: 10.3233/JAD-221251

Journal: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 93, no. 2, pp. 585-594, 2023