The Prevalence and Agreement of Sarcopenic Obesity Using Different Definitions and Its Association with Mild Cognitive Impairment

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Fu, Yu^{a; 1} | Li, Xiaolong^{b; 1} | Wang, Ting^{a; 1} | Yan, Shuhua^a | Zhang, Xisheng^a | Hu, Geng^a | Zhou, Jin^c | Wang, Yan^c | Liu, ChangShu^d | Wang, Sai^d | Cong, Yang^d | Chen, Liangkai^e | Li, Tingting^a | Rong, Shuang^{a; *}

Affiliations: [a] Academy of Nutrition and Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology; Hongshan Central Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China | [b] Department of Neurology, Xiangyang No.1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China | [c] Chinese Nutrition Society (CNS) Academy of Nutrition and Health (Beijing Zhongyinghui Nutrition and Health Research Institute), Beijing, China | [d] Standard Foods (China) Co., Ltd., No. 88 Dalian West Road, Taicang Port Economic and Technological Development Zone New Zone, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China | [e] Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

Correspondence: [*] Correspondence to: Shuang Rong, PhD, Academy of Nutrition and Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China. E-mail: rongshuangwust@yeah.net.

Note: [1] These authors contributed equally to this work.

Abstract: Background:The consistent definition of sarcopenic obesity (SO) is limited, its association with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has not been clarified. Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and agreement of SO using different definitions and the association between SO and MCI. Methods:SO was diagnosed by the co-existence of sarcopenia defined by the Asia Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) and obesity by body mass index (BMI), visceral fat area (VFA), waist circumference (WC), or body fat percentage (BF%). Cohen’s kappa was used to assess the agreement between the different definitions. The association between SO and MCI was assessed using multivariable logistic regression. Results:Among 2,451 participants, the prevalence of SO ranged from 1.7% to 8.0% under different definitions. SO defined by AWGS and BMI (AWGS+BMI) showed fair agreements with the other three criteria (κ ranged from 0.334 to 0.359). The other criteria showed good agreements with each other. The κ statistics were 0.882 for AWGS+VFA and AWGS+BF%, 0.852 for AWGS+VFA and AWGS+WC, and 0.804 for AWGS+BF% and AWGS+WC, respectively. When using different diagnoses of SO, compared with the health group, the adjusted ORs of MCI for SO were 1.96 (95% CI: 1.29-2.99, SO: AWGS+WC), 1.75 (95% CI: 1.14-2.68, SO: AWGS+VFA), 1.94 (95% CI: 1.29-2.93, SO: AWGS+BF%), and 1.45 (95% CI: 0.67-3.12, SO: AWGS+BMI), respectively. Conclusion:Using different obesity indicators combined with AWGS to diagnose SO, BMI had lower prevalence and agreement compared with other three indicators. SO was associated with MCI under different methods (WC, VFA, or BF%).

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, cross-sectional study, diagnostic agreement, mild cognitive impairment, prevalence, sarcopenic obesity

DOI: 10.3233/JAD-221232

Journal: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 94, no. 1, pp. 137-146, 2023