Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Management

Article type: Review Article

Authors: Huang, Yu-Yuan^a | Chen, Shi-Dong^a | Leng, Xin-Yi^b | Kuo, Kevin^a | Wang, Zuo-Teng^c | Cui, Mei^a | Tan, Lan^{c; d} | Wang, Kai^{e; *} | Dong, Qiang^{a; *} | Yu, Jin-Tai^{a; *}

Affiliations: [a] Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, China | [b] Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China | [c] Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, College of Medicine and Pharmaceutics, Ocean University of China, China | [d] Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, China | [e] Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, China

Correspondence: [*] Correspondence to: Prof. Jin-Tai Yu, MD, PhD, or Prof. Qiang Dong, MD, PhD, Department of Neurology and Ins-titute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 12th Wulumuqi Zhong Road, Shanghai 200040, China. Tel.: +86 21 52888163; Fax: +86 21 62483421; E-mails: jintai_yu@fudan.edu.cn (J.T. Yu); dong_qiang@fudan.edu.cn (Q Dong); Prof. Kai Wang, MD, PhD, Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China. E-mail: wangkai1964@126.com.

Abstract: Stroke, characterized as a neurological deficit of cerebrovascular cause, is very common in older adults. Increasing evidence suggests stroke contributes to the risk and severity of cognitive impairment. People with cognitive impairment following stroke often face with quality-of-life issues and require ongoing support, which have a profound effect on caregivers and society. The high morbidity of post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) demands effective management strategies, in which preventive strategies are more appealing, especially those targeting towards modifiable risk factors. In this review article, we attempt to summarize existing evidence and knowledge gaps on PSCI: elaborating on the heterogeneity in current definitions, reporting the inconsistent findings in PSCI prevalence in the literature, exploring established or less established predictors, outlining prevention and treatment strategies potentially effective or currently being tested, and proposing promising directions for future research.

Keywords: Cognitive dysfunction, epidemiology, prevention, screening, stroke, treatment

DOI: 10.3233/JAD-215644

Journal: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 86, no. 3, pp. 983-999, 2022