The Potential Influence of Bone-Derived Modulators on the Progression of Alzheimer’s Disease

Article type: Review Article

Authors: Yuan, Jun^{a; b} | Meloni, Bruno P.^{b; c; d} | Shi, Tianxing^e | Bonser, Anne^a | Papadimitriou, John M.^f | Mastaglia, Frank L.^{b; d} | Zhang, Changqing^g | Zheng, Minghao^{a; b; *} | Gao, Junjie^{b; a; g; *}

Affiliations: [a] Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia | [b] Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia | [c] Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, Australia | [d] Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia | [e] Department of Art as Applied to Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA | [f] Pathwest Laboratories and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia | [g] Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China

Correspondence: [*] Correspondence to: Minghao Zheng, Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia. Tel.: +61 8 64573213; E-mail: minghao.zheng@uwa.edu.au and Junjie Gao, Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia. Tel.: +61 420275812; E-mail: junjie.gao@perron.uwa.edu.au.

Abstract: Bone, the major structural scaffold of the human body, has recently been demonstrated to interact with several other organ systems through the actions of bone-derived cells and bone-derived cell secretory proteins. Interestingly, the brain is one organ that appears to fall into this interconnected network. Furthermore, the fact that osteoporosis and Alzheimer’s disease are two common age-related disorders raises the possibility that these two organ systems are interconnected in terms of disease pathogenesis. This review focuses on the latest evidence demonstrating the impact of bone-derived cells and bone-derived proteins on the central nervous system, and on how this may be relevant in the progression of Alzheimer’s disease and for the identification of novel therapeutic approaches to treat this neurodegenerative disorder.

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, bone, mesenchymal stem cells, microglia, osteocalcin

DOI: 10.3233/JAD-181249

Journal: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 69, no. 1, pp. 59-70, 2019