Increased CSF E-Selectin in Clinical Alzheimer’s Disease without Altered CSF Aβ₄₂ and Tau

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Li, Ge^{a; f; 1} | Xiong, Kangping^{b; 1} | Korff, Ane^c | Pan, Catherine^c | Quinn, Joseph F.^d | Galasko, Douglas R.^e | Liu, Chunfeng^b | Montine, Thomas J.^c | Peskind, Elaine R.^{a; g} | Zhang, Jing^{c; *}

Affiliations: [a] Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA | [b] Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China | [c] Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA | [d] Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University and Portland VA Medical Center, Portland, OR, USA | [e] Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA | [f] Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA | [g] VA Northwest Network Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA

Correspondence: [*] Correspondence to: Jing Zhang, MD, PhD, Department of Pathology, University of Washington, 325 9th Ave, Seattle, WA 98104, USA. Tel.: +206 897 5245; Fax: +206 897 5452; zhangj@uw.edu

Note: [1] These authors contributed equally to this work.

Abstract: Clinically diagnosed Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is pathologically heterogeneous. In this multicenter cohort of 215 clinically diagnosed AD patients and 249 controls, E-selectin and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VACM-1) were measured along with amyloid-β peptide 1–42 (Aβ 42) and tau. We discovered that E-selectin, a biomarker of endothelial function/vascular injury, was inversely correlated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tau/Aβ 42 ratio and significantly elevated in clinical AD patients without the typical AD CSF biomarker signature (i.e., low tau/Aβ 42 ratio) compared to those with the signature. These findings suggest that E-selectin may be an objective biomarker related to vascular mechanisms contributing to dementia.

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, Aβ₄₂, cerebrospinal fluid, biomarkers, cerebrovascular disease, E-selectin, tau, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1

DOI: 10.3233/JAD-150420

Journal: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 47, no. 4, pp. 883-887, 2015