Abstract: The linear relationship between the pressure and the relative wave elevation on the hull surface is a prominent factor to be reconsidered in relation to the uncertainty of the added resistance. An evaluation method is proposed to access the nonlinear relationship between the hull pressure and the relative wave elevation, which has a decisive influence on the added resistance evaluation. This method is used to experimentally investigate the effect of bow-wave breaking of the fast displacement ship in waves. The results show that the nonlinearity between relative wave elevation and hull surface pressure due to the plunging breaking of a bow wave is intuitively detected using the proposed analytical tool. The effect of bow-wave breaking is deduced by comparing the integral of the local pressure. This study provides important insight into the nonlinear relationship between relative wave elevation and added resistance. In addition, the findings provide a better understanding of the process of plunging breaking of bow waves. The procedure of plunging type of bow-wave breaking is defined in three stages considering the relationship between pressure and wave height: bow-wave developing stage, pile-up and breaking stage, and bow-wave absent stage.
Keywords: Bow-wave, breaking, added resistance, nonlinearity, fast ship
