Affiliations: [a] Faculty of Political and Social Sciences, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Mexico | [b] Department of Political Science and International Relations, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain | [c] Department of Public Policy, Research Institute in Public Policy and Government, University of Guadalajara, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
Correspondence:
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Corresponding author: Rodrigo Sandoval-Almazán, Faculty of Political and Social Sciences. Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Instituto Literario No. 100, Toluca 50000, México. Tel.: +52 722 1602631; E-mail: rsandovala@uaemex.mx.
Abstract: Open government has become a research trend among e-government scholars around the world. However, most research in this field has focused on national policies and the implementation thereof. Typically, this is related to Open Government (OG) ecosystems, data, policies and models, yet very little attention has been paid to the most basic level: the municipal/local level. The purpose of this research paper is to fill this gap. We based our research on an instrument for the assessment of OG priorities in Spanish municipalities (Gómez, Criado, & Gil-Garcia, 2017a). This instrument for assessment was adapted to Mexican municipalities. In so doing, we surveyed 67 cases of Mexican public officials working on OG or in transparency offices in municipalities across Mexico during 2017. This paper reports the findings of this exploratory research, grouping concepts of perception, and analyzing four elements of OG: 1. Open Government; 2. Transparency; 3. Citizen Participation and 4. Open Data. Going forward, we used factor analysis to group concepts and identify two principal perspectives for addressing OG policy implementation in local governments, one oriented at fostering technological innovation, and another at promoting democratic values of co-responsibility. Broadly, we discovered there is some emphasis on democratic values and some on technological innovation. We also found varying levels of knowledge on this topic in Mexican municipalities. Another finding is that OG policies are not well-defined due to a lack of resources for the promotion of genuine transparency, participation, and collaborative actions.
Keywords: Open government, transparency, citizen participation, open data
