The association between diet quality and obesity-related metabolic risks

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Abdurahman, Ahmed Abdulahi^{a; b} | Bule, Mohammed^c | Azadbakhat, Leyla^{a; d} | Fallahyekta, Masoume^e | Parouhan, Ali^f | Qorbani, Mostefa^{g; h} | Dorosty, Ahmad Reza^{a; *}

Affiliations: [a] Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran | [b] International Campus, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran | [c] Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia | [d] Diabetic Research Center, Endocrine and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran | [e] Department of Nutrition, Science and Research, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran | [f] Students’ Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran | [g] Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran | [h] Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Correspondence: [*] Corresponding author: Ahmed Reza Dorosty, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran. Tel.: +98 21 889 555 69-Ext. 120; E-mail: ahmeddorosty@gmail.com.

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to examine the association between dietary quality measured by inflammatory potential of a diet and Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010), and obesity-related metabolic risks in a representative sample of Iranian obese adults. METHOD: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 obese adults. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Diet quality was measured using AHEI-2010 and Empirical Dietary Inflammatory Pattern (EDIP) scores. RESULTS: Those in the upper quartile of AHEI-2010 were associated with lower serum level of triglycerides (TG), and higher body mass index (BMI), compared to participants in the lower quartile. Those in the higher quartile of EDIP score were associated with higher serum level of TG. Greater adherence to AHEI-2010 had 70% lower odds of high fasting blood glucose (FBG), compared with those in the first quartile [Q4 vs Q1: OR, 0.3 (95% CI: 0.1–0.8), p trend = 0.02] Those in the highest quartile of EDIP score had a 60% higher odds of high diastolic blood pressure, compared with those in the lowest quartile [Q4 vs Q1: OR, 2.4 (95% CI: 1.1–5.5), p trend = 0.05] after controlling for potential covariates. CONCLUSIONS: High diet quality incorporating more anti-inflammatory diet may have a potential benefit in reducing obesity-related metabolic risks.

Keywords: Alternative Healthy Eating Index, Empirical Dietary Inflammatory Pattern, diet quality, metabolic risks

DOI: 10.3233/HAB-190387

Journal: Human Antibodies, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 1-9, 2020