Use of host- and bacteria-derived salivary markers in detection of periodontitis: A cumulative approach

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Gursoy, Ulvi Kahraman^{; ;} | Könönen, Eija^; | Pussinen, Pirkko J. | Tervahartiala, Taina | Hyvärinen, Kati | Suominen, Anna L.^; | Uitto, Veli-Jukka | Paju, Susanna^; | Sorsa, Timo

Affiliations: Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland | Department of Infectious Disease Surveillance and Control, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland | Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland | Unit of Living Conditions, Health and Wellbeing, and Department of Environmental Health in Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Kuopio, Finland | Unit for Specialized Oral Care in the Metropolitan Area and Kirkkonummi, Helsinki, Finland

Note: [] Address for correspondence: Ulvi Kahraman Gursoy, Institute of Dentistry, Lemminkäisenkatu 2, University of Turku, 20520, Turku, Finland. Tel.: +358 40 4194735; E-mail: ulvi.gursoy@utu.fi

Abstract: In the present study, we propose a novel diagnostic approach, using 3 different salivary markers, representing periodontal pathogen burden, inflammation, and tissue degradation, for detecting periodontitis. The salivary concentrations of Porphyromonas gingivalis, interleukin-1β, and matrix metalloproteinase-8, available from salivary specimens of 165 subjects (84 subjects with advanced periodontitis and 81 controls), were calculated together to obtain a cumulative risk score (CRS). In the calculation of CRS, the concentrations of each marker were divided into tertiles, and cumulative sub-score per each subject were calculated by the multiplication of the tertile values. Three CRS groups, indicating the lowest, medium, or highest risk, were formed with the cumulative sub-scores. Logistic regression analysis and ROC curves were performed to study the association of CRS with periodontitis. The results indicate that CRS, calculated from the 3 salivary biomarkers, is associated with advanced periodontitis more strongly than any of the markers individually. CRS offers a novel, non-invasive model for advanced periodontitis risk categorization that is especially useful in large population surveys where a periodontal examination is not feasible.

Keywords: IL-1β, MMP-8, Porphyromonas gingivalis, risk score, saliva

DOI: 10.3233/DMA-2011-0788

Journal: Disease Markers, vol. 30, no. 6, pp. 299-305, 2011