Article type: Research Article
Authors: Ledezma-Lozano, I.Y. | Padilla-Martínez, J.J. | Leyva-Torres, S.D. | Parra-Rojas, I. | Ramírez-Dueñas, M.G. | Pereira-Suárez, Ana Laura | Rangel-Villalobos, H. | Ruiz-Quezada, S.L. | Sánchez-Hernández, P.E. | Muñoz-Valle, J.F.
Affiliations: Departamento de Biología Molecular y
Genómica. Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de
Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México | Department of Rheumatology. Hospital "Valentín
Gómez-Farías ISSSTE", Zapopan, Jalisco, México | Unidad Académica de Ciencias
Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero,
Chilpancingo, Guerrero, México | Laboratorio de Inmunología. Centro Universitario
de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco,
México | Instituto de Investigación en Genética
Molecular. Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara;
Ocotlán, Jalisco, México | Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Centro
Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de
Guadalajara; Guadalalajara, Jalisco, México
Note: [] Corresponding author: José Francisco Muñoz-Valle, PhD,
Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica. Centro Universitario de
Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara. Insurgentes 244-1, Colonia
Lomas de Atemajac, Zapopan, Jalisco, C.P. 45178, México. Tel.: +52 (33)
10585309, ext. 3635; E-mail: biologiamolecular@hotmail.com
Abstract: Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease of
unknown etiology in which inflammatory pathology involves T cell activation and
the CD28 costimulatory molecule involved in T cell presentation. The gene
includes the CD28 IVS3 +17T/C polymorphism that could be associated with
susceptibility to RA whereas the soluble concentrations of CD28 (sCD28) could
be related to clinical activity. Methods: We investigated the CD28 IVS3
+17T/C polymorphism in 200 RA patients and 200 healthy subjects (HS).
{Furthermore, we quantified the sCD28 concentrations in 77 samples of each
group.} We applied indexes focused to determine the activity and disability
(DAS28 and Spanish HAQ-DI, respectively) in RA patients. Results: RA patients had significantly higher frequencies of the CD28 T allele compared to
HS (p = 0.032 OR = 1.59, C.I. 1.02–2.49). In addition, the IVS3 +17 T/T
genotype frequency was also increased in RA vs. HS (p = 0.026). The RA
patients showed higher sCD28 serum levels than HS (p = 0.001). Carriers of
the T/T genotype in RA patients showed higher sCD28 levels than C/C carriers
(p =0.047). In addition, a correlation between sCD28 and Spanish HAQ-DI
(correlation, 0.272; p =0.016), was found. Conclusion: The T allele
in CD28 IVS3 +17T/C polymorphism is associated with a susceptibility to RA in
Western Mexico. In addition, increased sCD28 levels are related to T/T genotype in RA patients.
Keywords: CD28, IVS3 +17T/C, polymorphism, rheumatoid arthritis, sCD28
DOI: 10.3233/DMA-2011-0760
Journal: Disease Markers, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 25-29, 2011
Received 14 April 2011
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Accepted 14 April 2011
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Published: 2011
