Affiliations: Department of Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins University,
Baltimore, MD, USA | Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University,
Baltimore, MD, USA | Department of Physiology, Queen's University,
Kingston, Ontario, Canada
Note: [] Corresponding author: J. E. Van Eyk, 602 Mason F. Lord Bldg.,
Bayview Campus, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore MD, 21224, USA. Tel.: +1
410 550 8510; Fax: +1 410 550 8512; E-mail: jvaneyk1@jhmi.edu
Abstract: Heart disease is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the
world. As such, biomarkers are needed for the diagnosis, prognosis, therapeutic
monitoring and risk stratification of acute injury (acute myocardial infarction
(AMI)) and chronic disease (heart failure). The procedure for biomarker
development involves the discovery, validation, and translation into clinical
practice of a panel of candidate proteins to monitor risk of heart disease. Two
types of biomarkers are possible; heart-specific and cardiovascular pulmonary
system monitoring markers. Here we review the use of MS in the process of
cardiac biomarker discovery and validation by proteomic analysis of cardiac
myocytes/tissue or serum/plasma. An example of the use of MS in biomarker
discovery is given in which the albumin binding protein sub-proteome was
examined using MALDI-TOF MS/MS. Additionally, an example of MS in protein
validation is given using affinity surface enhanced laser desorption ionization
(SELDI) to monitor the disease-induced post-translational modification and the
ternary status of myoctye-originating protein, cardiac troponin I in serum.
