PANoptosis and cardiovascular disease: The preventive role of exercise training

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Kordi, Negin^a | Sanaei, Masoumeh^b | Akraminia, Peyman^c | Yavari, Sajad^a | Saydi, Ali^a | Abadi, Fatemeh Khamis^d | Heydari, Naser^e | Jung, Friedrich^f | Karami, Sajad^{e; *}

Affiliations: [a] Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran | [b] Exercise Physiology, Raja University, Qazvin, Iran | [c] Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, Iran | [d] Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Borujerd, Iran | [e] Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran | [f] Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany

Correspondence: [*] Corresponding author: Sajad Karami, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran. Tel.: +98 9124162864; E-mail: karami.sp@gmail.com.

Abstract: Regulated cell death, including pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis, is vital for the body’s defense system. Recent research suggests that these three types of cell death are interconnected, giving rise to a new concept called PANoptosis. PANoptosis has been linked to various diseases, making it crucial to comprehend its mechanism for effective treatments. PANoptosis is controlled by upstream receptors and molecular signals, which form polymeric complexes known as PANoptosomes. Cell death combines necroptosis, apoptosis, and pyroptosis and cannot be fully explained by any of these processes alone. Understanding pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis is essential for understanding PANoptosis. Physical exercise has been shown to suppress pyroptotic, apoptotic, and necroptotic signaling pathways by reducing inflammatory factors, proapoptotic factors, and necroptotic factors such as caspases and TNF-alpha. This ultimately leads to a decrease in cardiac structural remodeling. The beneficial effects of exercise on cardiovascular health may be attributed to its ability to inhibit these cell death pathways.

Keywords: PANoptosis, pyroptosis, apoptosis, necroptosis, activity, training

DOI: 10.3233/CH-242396

Journal: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-14, 2024