A porcine model of endothelial glycocalyx damage by enzymatic digestion: A pilot study

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Astapenko, David^{a; b; *} | Ticha, Alena^c | Hyspler, Radomir^{b; c} | Tomasova, Adela^c | Navratil, Pavel^{b; d} | Maly, Ondrej^{b; e; f} | Parizkova, Renata Cerna^{a; b} | Cizkova, Dana^g | Huey, Shin Chua^b | Lehmann, Christian^j | Malbrain, Manu L.N.G.^{k; l} | Cerny, Vladimir^{a; b; h; i; j}

Affiliations: [a] Department of Anesthesiology, Resuscitation and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic | [b] Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic | [c] Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic | [d] Department of Urology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic | [e] Department of Surgery, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic | [f] Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defense Brno, Brno, Czech Republic | [g] Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic | [h] Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, J.E. Purkinje University, Masaryk Hospital, Usti nad Labem, Czech Republic | [i] Centrum for Research and Development, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic | [j] Department of Anesthesia, Pain Management and Perioperative Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada | [k] Faculty of Engineering, Dept. of Electronics and Informatics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium | [l] International Fluid Academy, Lovenjoel, Belgium

Correspondence: [*] Corresponding author: David Astapenko, Department of Anesthesiology, Resuscitation and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic. Tel.: +420 608177374; Fax: +420 495832022; E-mail: Astapenko.D@seznam.cz.

Abstract: BACKGROUND:The endothelial glycocalyx (EG) plays a vital role in the physiology and pathophysiology of human microcirculation. Having relevant EG damage model would be important tool for testing new interventions aiming at EG protection and recovery. We describe the first in vivo EG damage model in pig. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the course of animal EG damage induced by specific enzymes. MATERIAL AND METHODS:Four anesthetized piglets received enzymes: 1g hyaluronidase and 25 IU heparanase I intravenously. Blood and urine samples were collected at baseline and 20/40/60/80/100/120 min for detecting markers of endothelial and EG function. Sublingual microcirculation and EG thickness were assessed by Side-stream Dark Field (SDF) imaging and Perfused Boundary Region (PBR) respectively. EG of the mesentery artery was visualized in fluorescent microscopy. RESULTS:Biochemical marker of EG damage syndecan-1 showed temporary increase with return to baseline and was reflected by PBR values. Albumin levels suggested brief period of capillary leakage (decrease in the serum, increase in the urine) with a trend to normalization. Urine glycosaminoglycans peaked at 120 minutes. Microcirculatory perfusion parameter showed significant alteration. Diffusion parameters were altered with no statistical significance. CONCLUSION:EG damage induced by specific enzymes was reflected by temporary changes of biochemical makers together with alteration of microcirculation and changes in fluorescent microscopy of EG layer. Our results support to further validate presented model of EG damage on a larger number of animals.

Keywords: Microcirculation, endothelial glycocalyx, hyaluronidase, heparanase, albuminuria

DOI: 10.3233/CH-211133

Journal: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. 78, no. 3, pp. 325-338, 2021