Affiliations: [a] War Related Illness and Injury Study Center, Veterans Affairs New Jersey Health Care System, East Orange, NJ, USA
| [b] New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ, USA
| [c] Surgical Service, Veterans Affairs New Jersey Health Care System, East Orange, NJ, USA
Correspondence:
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Corresponding author: Michael R. Condon, PhD, VA NJ Health Care System, 385 Tremont Ave, East Orange, NJ 07018, USA. Tel.: +1 973 676 1000; Fax: +1 973 395 7111; E-mail: Michael.Condon1@va.gov.
Abstract: BACKGROUND:Veterans with Gulf War Illness (GWI) experience chronic symptoms that include fatigue, pain, and cognitive impairment. This symptom cluster may be the consequence of impaired tissue oxygen delivery due to red blood cell (RBC) dysfunction. OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this preliminary study was to determine whether the microrheological behavior of RBCs is altered in GWI. METHODS:We recruited 17 cases of GWI (GWI+) and 10 age matched controls (GWI–), and examined RBC deformability and aggregation via ektacytometry along with measurement of complete blood counts. RESULTS:RBCs were more deformable in GWI+, as indicated by higher elongation indices particularly at higher shear stress values (5.33, 9.49, and 16.89) when compared to GWI–. Aggregation formation, stability and kinetics were similar between GWI+and GWI–. Complete blood counts were also similar, with the exception of mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and RBC distribution width (RDW) which was elevated in GWI+. CONCLUSIONS:In this preliminary study, we observed increased deformability along with increased MCH, MCHC and RDW in veterans with GWI+, which may contribute to the symptomatology of GWI. Further research is required to confirm our findings and the role of RBC microrheology in GWI.
Keywords: Persian Gulf Syndrome, hemorheology, rheology, fatigue, blood cell count
