Affiliations: [a] Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences,
M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India | [b] Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
Correspondence:
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Corresponding author: Dominic Augustine, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, MSR Nagar, Bengaluru-560054 Karnataka, India. Tel.: +91 9901694515; E-mail: dominic2germain@gmail.com.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The Indian subcontinent has the highest incidence and prevalence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Inflammation and apoptosis are two emerging hall marks of cancer that might play a significant role in tumorigenesis and metastasis. Concurrent expression of proinflammatory cytokine (IL-1β) and executioner caspase (Caspase-3) in same OSCC tissue samples has not been reported in an Indian population. OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of IL-1β and Caspase-3 in same OSCC tissue samples with clinicopathological correlation and survival analysis in Indian population. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted utilizing 40 formalin fixed paraffin embedded histologically diagnosed cases of OSCC comprising of 20 metastatic OSCC and 20 non-metastatic OSCC. RESULTS: Increased expression of IL-1β and Caspase-3 were observed in metastatic OSCC. Correlation of expression of IL-1β and Caspase-3 with clinicopathological parameters revealed a significant association between these markers and staging, nodal status and site of the lesion. CONCLUSION: Over expression of IL-1β and Caspase-3 was associated with advanced stage and poor survival of the patient. IL-1β overexpression showed significantly lower disease-free survival and disease specific survival as well. Overexpression of IL-1β and Caspase-3 in incisional OSCC biopsies could be considered for predicting metastasis and survival outcome.
