Affiliations: Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital of Munich-Grosshadern, Munich, Germany | Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital of Munich-Grosshadern, Munich, Germany
Correspondence:
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Corresponding author: Stefan Holdenrieder, MD, University Hospital Munich-Grosshadern, Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Marchioninistr. 15, D- 81377 Munich, Germany. Tel.: +49 89 7095 3231; Fax: +49 89 7095 6298; E-mail: Stefan.Holdenrieder@med.uni-muenchen.de.
Abstract: The dysregulation of proliferating and apoptotic processes is a common feature in cancerogenesis. Thus, apoptotic products released into blood circulation are suggested as promising markers for the early cancer detection. However though sensitive assays are available, the lack of organ- and tumor-specificity limits the usefulness of most apoptotic parameters for screening purposes. However, they seem to be valuable for the prognosis and the prediction of response to systemic chemo- or radiotherapy in cancer disease. Here, the relevance of diverse circulating apoptotic markers is reviewed for the clinical management of patients with lung cancer. Among those promising markers are ligands and receptors of the FAS-system, members of the intracellular caspase cascade, cleaved apoptosis substrates such as cytokeratines, nucleosomal DNA, and apoptosis modulators like survivin. The review discusses their role for diagnosis, prognosis and therapy monitoring of lung cancer disease.
