Affiliations: [a] Department of Medicine, Hospital Metropolitano, Quito, Ecuador and Forensic Medicine Department, University of Zaragoza, Spain | [b] Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Hospital Metropolitano, Quito, Ecuador
Abstract: Background:Limited data are available describing human papilloma virus (HPV) genotype distributions in gynecological lesions in Ecuador. To predict how HPV vaccination and HPV-based screening will influence cervical cancer prevention it needs such studies. Methods:We analyzed 124 samples from women, adults between 18 to 55 years old, Mestizas (Hispanics), were born and living in Quito, Ecuador. They showed an atypical sample in PapTest or a histological abnormal evaluation. We used the kit PVH Fast® 2.0 with conventional PCR to study cervical and vulvar swabs prior colposcopy and/or cytology. Results and conclusions:We found 23 different genotypes. 84/104 cases were positive for HPV (67.7%); 32/124 cases were negative (25.8%); and, in 8/124 cases (6.5%) we were unable to ascertain the existence or lack of HPV. The most common viral genotype was 6 (8.8%) followed by the 66 (4.8%) and 16, 31, 44 types (2.4% each one). Types 11, 34, 35, 54, 59, 62 and 67 showed a frequency equivalent to 1.6% each one. The remaining types showed a 0.8% frequency. Most common high-risk genotypes were 16 and 31, low-risk 6 and 41 and, the third most common group HPV type detected in this cohort was HPV 66. HPV 6 showed the highest prevalence. HPV 66 was associated with atypical cytology and was found in women with borderline cytology, low-grade lesions and high-grade lesions, but was most frequent in the threshold group. We examine a case of coexistence of 2 genotypes together 51 and 58. We found very low prevalence of HPV18 alone or HPV16/18. In 25 samples, 20.16% (25/124) we found HPV presence but we were unable to identify the genotype. We need more studies with a broad sampling to complete our geographic pattern of HPV distribution.
