The role of 4'‐phosphopantetheine in the biosynthesis of fatty acids, polyketides and peptides

Article type: Abstract

Authors: Kleinkauf, Horst

Affiliations: Technical University Berlin, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Franklinstr. 29, D‐10587 Berlin, Germany

Abstract: The peptide part of CoA, 4'‐phosphopantetheine, has been identified as an essential cofactor in in the biosynthesis of fatty acids, polyketides, depsipeptides, peptides, and compounds derived from both carboxylic and amino acid precursors, like rapamycin. The cofactor is attached to a unique protein moiety, referred to as acyl carrier protein, aminoacyl carrier protein, or peptidyl carrier protein. These carrier proteins are either associated to enzyme complexes (type II) or integrated within multifunctional polypeptide chains (type I). The cofactor is added in a post‐translational modification reaction by highly specific transferases, acting on CoA. The functions of carrier proteins in directed condensation reactions are: (1) the selection of substrates to be attached as thioesters, (2) the stabilization of intermediates, (3) the presentation of intermediates for modification by associated enyzme activities, (4) facilitation of the directed condensation reactions of two adjacent intermediates, and (5) assistance in the termination reaction(s) leading to product release.

Journal: Biofactors, vol. 11, no. 1-2, pp. 91-92, 2000