Affiliations: [a] Faculty of Dentistry, SEGi University, No. 9, Jalan Teknologi, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia | [b] School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Malaysia | [c] School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
Correspondence:
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Corresponding author: Masitah Hayati Harun, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia. E-mail: masitahh@usm.my
Abstract: BACKGROUND:Zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) cement is a popular dental material due mainly to its analgesic, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. The formulation of ZOE cement from nano particle-sized zinc oxide (ZnO) has the potential to increase these properties as well as reduce its adverse effects to the surrounding tissues. OBJECTIVE:This study evaluated the subcutaneous tissue response towards nano ZOE cements (ZOE-A and ZOE-B) in comparison to conventional ZOE (ZOE-K). METHODS:Test materials were implanted into 15 New Zealand white rabbits. Tissue samples were obtained after 7, 14, and 30 days (n = 5 per period) for histopathological evaluation of inflammatory cell infiltrate, fibrous tissue condensation, and abscess formation. RESULTS:ZOE-A showed the lowest score for the variable macrophage and lymphocyte at day 7. Both ZOE-A and ZOE-B presented lower fibrous tissue condensation and abscess formation compared to conventional ZOE-K. By day 30, ZOE-A exhibited less lymphocytic and neutrophilic infiltrate compared to the other materials, while ZOE-B had the lowest score for macrophages. ZOE-K exerted higher inflammatory cell response at almost all of the experimental periods. All of the materials resulted in thin fiber condensation after 30 days. CONCLUSIONS:Rabbit tissue implanted with ZOE-A and ZOE-B showed better response compared to ZOE-K.
Keywords: Tissue reaction, biocompatibility, nanomaterial, nano zinc oxide eugenol,
in vivo
