Mechanochemical synthesis of cerium chlorapatite from a mixture of cerium chloride heptahydrate, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, and calcium hydroxide for biomedical application
Affiliations: [a] Department of Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
Correspondence:
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Corresponding author: Yuta Otsuka, Department of Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan. E-mail: y.otsuka@dent.kagoshima-u.ac.jp
Abstract: BACKGROUND:Cerium ions promote osteoclastogenesis and activate bone metabolism, while cerium oxide nanoparticles exhibit potent anti-inflammatory properties, making them promising for biomedical applications. OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a synthesis method for sustained-release cerium-ion bioceramics containing apatite. Substituted apatite was found to be an effective biomaterial. METHODS:Cerium-containing chlorapatite was synthesized using a mechanochemical method employing dicalcium phosphate, cerium chloride heptahydrate, and calcium hydroxide as raw materials. The synthesized samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. RESULTS:Cerium chlorapatite was successfully synthesized in the 10.1% and 20.1% samples. However, at Ce concentrations higher than 30.2%, the samples consisted of three or more phases, indicating the instability of a single phase. CONCLUSION:The method used in this study was found to be more efficient and cost-effective than the precipitation method for producing substituted apatite and calcium phosphate-based biomaterials. This research contributes to the development of sustained-release cerium-ion bioceramics with potential applications in the field of biomedicine.
