Affiliations: [a] Institute of Computer and Information Engineering, Henan Normal University, Henan Province, Xinxiang, China | [b] Big Data Engineering Laboratory for Teaching Resources and Assessment of Education Quality, Henan Province, Xinxiang, China
Correspondence:
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Corresponding author: Yujie Yang, Institute of Computer and Information Engineering, Henan Normal University, Henan Province, Xinxiang 453007, China. E-mail: yangyujie@htu.edu.cn
Abstract: BACKGROUND:Pulmonary micronodules account for 80% of all lung nodules. Generally, pulmonary micronodules in the early stages can be detected on thoracic computed tomography (CT) scans. Early diagnosis is crucial for improving the patient’s survival rate. OBJECTIVE:This paper aims to estimate the malignancy risk of pulmonary micronodules and potentially improve the survival rate. METHODS:We extract 3D features of the CT images to obtain richer characteristics. Because superior performance can be achieved by having deep layers, we apply a 3D residual network (3D-ResNet) to classify the pulmonary micronodule. We construct a framework by using three parallel ResNets whose inputs are CT images in different regions of interest, i.e., the multiview of the image. To further evaluate the applicability of the framework, we make a five-category classification and achieve good performance. RESULTS:By fusing different characteristics from three views, we achieve the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.9681. Based on the results of the experiments, our 3D-ResNet has a better performance than 3D-VGG and 3D-Inception in terms of precision (the increase rates are 13.7% and 7.4%), AUC (the increase rates are 15.8% and 5.3%), and accuracy (the increase rates are 14.3% and 4.5%). Meanwhile, the recall performance is close to that of the 3D-Inception network. CONCLUSION:Overall, the framework we propose has applicability and feasibility in pulmonary micronodule classification.
