A bone substitute composed of polymethyl-methacrylate bone cement and Bio-Gene allogeneic bone promotes osteoblast viability, adhesion and differentiation

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Wang, Zhikun^{a; b} | Li, Zaixue^b | Zhang, Xiansen^b | Yu, Yingfeng^b | Feng, Qingyu^b | Chen, Jianting^a; | Xie, Wenwei^b;

Affiliations: [a] Department of Spinal Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China | [b] Department of Orthopedics, SSL Central Hospital of Dongguan City, Guangdong, China

Correspondence: [*] Corresponding authors: Jianting Chen, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China. E-mail: chenjiantingt@126.com. Wenwei Xie, SSL Central Hospital of Dongguan City, No. 1 Xianglong Road, Shilong Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong 523320, China. E-mail: xxwenwei@126.com

Abstract: BACKGROUND:Increasing reports on new cement formulations that address the shortcomings of PMMA bone cements and various active components have been introduced to improve the biological activity of PMMA cement. OBJECTIVE:Evaluating the biological properties of PMMA cements reinforced with Bio-Gene allogeneic bone. METHODS:The MC3T3-E1 mouse osteoblast-like cells were utilized to determine the effects of Bio-Gene + PMMA on osteoblast viability, adhesion and differentiation. RESULTS:The combination of allogeneic bone and PMMA increased the number of adherent live cells compared to both control group and PMMA or Bio-Gene group. Scanning electron microscopy observed that the number of cells adhered to Bio-Gene + PMMA was larger than Bio-Gene and PMMA group. Compared with the control and PMMA or Bio-Gene group, the level of ALP and the number of calcium nodules after osteoinduction was remarkably enhanced in Bio-Gene + PMMA group. Additionally, the combination of Bio-Gene and PMMA induced the protein expression of osteocalcin, osterix and collagen I. CONCLUSION:The composition of PMMA and allogeneic bone could provide a more beneficial microenvironment for osteoblast proliferation, adhesion and differentiation. PMMA bone cement reinforced with Bio-Gene allogeneic bone may act as a novel bone substitute to improve the biological activity of PMMA cement.

Keywords: Allogeneic bone, bone substitute, osteoblast, polymethyl-methacrylate bone cement

DOI: 10.3233/BME-201139

Journal: Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 29-37, 2021